褐飞虱2009年秋季回迁的雷达监测及轨迹分析

褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens (Stål)是水稻生产上重要的迁飞性害虫,研究其迁飞、扩散规律,为早期预警和有效防治提供科学依据。2009年4月27日至10月11日, 在中国农业科学院植物保护研究所重大病虫害监测预警兴安雷达站内利用毫米波扫描昆虫雷达对褐飞虱的迁飞过程进行长期观测,高空探照灯诱虫器及佳多自动虫情测报灯诱虫器分别用来诱捕高空及地面的褐飞虱,对高空探照灯诱到的褐飞虱雌成虫随机挑选30头进行卵巢解剖, 并结合大区环流和利用Hysplit_4模型进行轨迹分析,研究了褐飞虱的秋季回迁过程和虫源。结果表明：褐飞虱秋季回迁高峰期出现在9月28日至10月7日,高峰日为10月1日, 高峰日内雷达回波主要在600~1 100 m范围内聚集成层,高空探照灯诱虫器内褐飞虱的数量达到了13 620头;卵巢发育级别以1~2级为主。轨迹分析显示：本次回迁的褐飞虱主要来自湖南衡阳和永州等地,随东北气流向广西柳州、南宁和崇左等方向迁飞。轨迹推断与褐飞虱实发虫情基本吻合,通过毫米波扫描昆虫雷达确定了褐飞虱秋季回迁的高度,为毫米波扫描昆虫雷达早期投入到预测预报的实践中奠定了基础,对我国褐飞虱早期预警体系的建立将提供必要的技术支持。

Radar observation and trajectory analysis on the autumn return migration of the brown planthopper,Nilaparvata lugens(Homoptera:Delphacidae) in 2009 in China

The brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) is one of the most serious pests of rice. Studying its migration and spread can provide a scientific basis for forecast and effective control. In this study, we developed a long term monitoring observation of the migration of the brown planthopper using a millimeter-wave scanning radar, trapped the brown planthoppers of high altitude and the ground with the searchlight trap and the Jiaduo light trap from 27 April to 11 October, 2009 in Xing’an radar station, Guangxi, checked up the ovarian development of the brown planthoppers in the searchlight trap, and then the autumn return migration and source areas of the brown planthoppers were analyzed with Hysplit_4 (Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory) and large-scale atmospheric circulation. The results showed that there was a return migration peak during 28 September to 7 October. The hightest daily number of brown planthoppers trapped (13 620 specimens) by the searchlight was on 1 October. The ovarian development of the brown planthoppers was mainly in grade 1 or 2. There was a dense layer which formed at heights between about 600-1 100 m above the ground level. The trajectory analysis showed that the brown planthoppers of the autumn return migration mainly came from Hengyang and Yongzhou in Hunan and were likely to continue to immigrate to Liuzhou, Nanning and Chongzuo in Guangxi by the northeast airstream. There was coincidence between trajectory analysis and the fact. The study ascertained the autumn return migration altitude of the brown planthoppers and laid the foundation of the millimeter wave scanning radar in the use of forecasting the brown planthopper and provided necessary technical support to construct early warning system in China.