羟基香茅醛缩醛类化合物的合成及对蚊虫的驱避活性

为了寻找新的萜类驱避剂, 以羟基香茅醛为原料, 合成羟基香茅醛二甲缩醛、 羟基香茅醛乙二醇缩醛、 羟基香茅醛1, 3-丙二醇缩醛和羟基香茅醛1, 2-丙二醇缩醛, 用红外光谱IR、 质谱MS分析其结构, 对羟基香茅醛1, 2-丙二醇缩醛还进行了¹H NMR及¹³C NMR分析。按国标GB/T 13917.9-2009测定了它们对白纹伊蚊Aedes albopictus、 中华按蚊Anopheles sinensis及淡色库蚊Culex pipiens的驱避活性。结果表明: 10%（质量分数）羟基香茅醛二甲缩醛和羟基香茅醛1, 2-丙二醇缩醛对中华按蚊的驱避时间均达到国标B级; 羟基香茅醛1, 2-丙二醇缩醛还对其他的蚊虫具有驱避作用, 20%（质量分数）羟基香茅醛1, 2-丙二醇缩醛对白纹伊蚊的驱避时间超过国标B级; 10%（质量分数）羟基香茅醛1, 2-丙二醇缩醛对淡色库蚊的驱避时间超过国标A级。这些结果说明它们对不同蚊种驱避活性的差别, 为不同场合的驱蚊需要提供了理论基础。

Synthesis of acetal derivatiyes of hydroxycitronellal and their repellent activity against mosquitoes

In order to seek novel terpenoid repellent, 4 acetal derivatives of hydroxycitronellal, i.e., hydroxycitronellal dimethyl acetal, hydroxycitronellal 1, 2-ethandiol acetal, hydroxycitronellal 1, 3-propanediol acetal and hydroxycitronellal 1, 2-propanediol acetal, were synthesized in this study. Their structures were characterized using IR and MS, ¹H NMR, and ¹³C NMR (for hydroxycitronellal 1, 2-propanediol acetal only). Repellencies against Aedes albopictus, Anopheles sinensis and Culex pipiens were examined using the method described in GB/T 13917.9-2009. The results showed that the repellent activity of 10% (mass) solution of both hydroxycitronellal dimethyl acetal and hydroxycitronellal 1, 2-propanediol acetal against A. sinensis reached grade B as defined in GB/T 13917.9-2009, and that of a concentrated solution (20% in mass) of hydroxycitronellal 1, 2-propanediol acetal against A. sinensis even approached to grade A. Hydroxycitronellal 1, 2-propanediol acetal also showed the repellency to other mosquitoes as well: the repellent activity of 20% (mass) solutions against A. albopictus and that of 10% (mass) solutions against C. pipiens exceeded the grades B and A, respectively. These results indicate that the repellent activity difference against different mosquito species offers the theoretical basis for using the repellents in different situations.