重症监护患者病原菌感染及耐药性分析

目的：了解重症监护患者感染的病原菌及其耐药特点，为临床防治感染提供依据。方法：对我院ICU1998年1月-2000年1月所有分离的细菌菌株、真菌菌株及细菌耐药性进行回顾性调查。结果：医院内感染仍以G^-菌为主占83.3%，其次为真菌11.1%,G^ 菌5.5%。G^-菌以不动杆菌属为主，占26.7%。G^ 菌以金黄色葡萄球菌（金葡菌）为主。金葡菌中耐苯唑青霉素的金葡萄（MRSA）占66.6%,表皮葡萄球菌（表葡萄）中耐苯唑青霉素的表葡菌（MRSE）占33.3%。真菌以白色念珠菌为主占80.0%。在细菌耐药性方面，G^-菌对泰能的耐药率最低为2.6%。结论：重症监护患者感染病原菌以G^-菌为主，真菌和G^ 菌与应引起重视，且大多数病原菌耐药率较高，使临床经验性选择抗生素治疗医院感染非常困难。

ANALYSIS OF BACTERIA AND DRUG RESISTANCE IN THE INFECTIONS OF ICU PAT IENTS

Objective:to study the bacteria and its resistancecharacteristics in the infection of ICU patients,so as to supply svidences for clinical prevention and treatment of infection.Method:We retrieve the bacteria strains,fungi strains and resistance of antibiotic which were isolated from ICU from Jan.1998 to Jan.2000 in our hospotal. Reslts:The major bacteria which cause hospital infection of G - bacteria,fungi and G ,the percentage is 83.3%,11.1%,5.5%. Most of theG - bacteria are acinetobcter,the percentage is 26.7%.Most of the G is S.aureus,in which the percentages of MRSA and MRSE are 66.6%,33.3%.The major fungi is C.albicans,the percentage is 80.0%.The lowest percentageof drug resistance on G - is imipenem,the percentage is 2.6%.Conclusion:The major bacteria which cause infection in ICU isG -,but we also pay attention to fungi and G .Most the bacteriaare antibiotic-resisted.So it is diffcult to select antibiotic on the basis of clinical experiences.