物种多样性的空间格局及其形成机制初探

在物种多样性变化的空间格局中，得到广泛研究的是物种多样性的梯度变化特征。在短短不到五十年的时间，已经提出了十几种学说来解释为什么会形成这种梯度特征。在这些解释中，ESA假说是最近才提出的，因而似乎显得更合理一些。综合这十几种学说，作者提出了一些自己的想法，即所有以前提出的假说都可以归入两上门类，一类是属于环境因子，另一类是属于生物因子类的。在这两类因子间，环境因子是首要的，而生物因子是第二位的。

The spatial pattern of species diversity and its forming mechanism

Among several paterns of species diversity variations, perhaps the most widely recognized one is the increasethat occurs from the poles to the tropics. A number of explanations have been put forward for this generallatitudinal trend in species diversity. Among these, it seems that the ESA hypothesis is more reasoanable.Based on the explanations advanced before, the author has proposed his own idea, that is the factors, whichinflunce the distribution of species, can be divided into two categories, one is environmental, another is biological, and the environmental factor is primary, the biological one is secondary.