Mutagenicity of marijuana and Transkei tobacco smoke condensates in the salmonella/microsome assay |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables of Hubei Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, China;2. Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;1. Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;2. School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand;3. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan Bangkok 10330, Thailand;4. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand;5. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand |
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| Abstract: | Extracts and smoke condensates of marijuana, Transkei home-grown tobacco and also commercial cigarette tobaccos were assayed for their mutagenic activity to Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537 and TA1538, both with and without metabolic activation. No mutagenic activity was detected in dichloromethane extracts of marijuana and tobacco per se, but all the smoke condensates exhibited mutagenicity with metabolic activation. The only strain not mutated by any of the pyrolyzates was TA1535. Transkei tobacco pyrolyzate proved to be the most mutagenic, followed by marijuana, pipe and cigarette tobacco. Mutagenicity was positively associated with the nitrogen content of the various products. The potent mutagenic action of marijuana smoke condensate, coupled with a condensate yield of more than 50% higher than that of cigarette and pipe tobacco, indicates a high carcinogenic risk associated with marijuana smoking. |
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