不同抗应激反应能力克氏原螯虾肝胰腺的代谢组分析

为探讨不同抗应激反应能力克氏原螯虾体内代谢物的差异, 研究通过运输应激和温度应激处理后, 选取抗应激反应能力强(SSR)和抗应激反应能力弱(WSR)的克氏原螯虾, 取肝胰腺, 通过液相色谱-质谱/质谱(LC-MS/MS)进行代谢组学分析。质谱共检测到10292个离子, 从中筛选、鉴定出了464个显著差异的代谢物(差异倍数>1.20 或 <0.83,P<0.05, 且 VIP>1.0), 其中与WSR相比, 在SSR中下调的代谢物227个, 上调代谢物237个。KEGG分析显示, 这些差异代谢物主要富集在氨基酸代谢通路, 包括组氨酸代谢、牛磺酸和亚牛磺酸代谢、赖氨酸降解、缬氨酸和亮氨酸及异亮氨酸生物合成、谷胱甘肽代谢等, 同时也富集到抗坏血酸和醛酸盐代谢途径、碳水化合物代谢途径(戊糖和葡萄糖醛酸相互转化)和脂肪酸代谢途径(不饱和脂肪酸生物合成)等。这些结果表明, 克氏原螯虾在应对运输和温度应激时存在广泛的代谢应答, 其中一些与抗氧化应激和增强免疫力相关的代谢物, 如γ-L-谷氨酰-L-半胱氨酸、牛磺酸和油酸等可能在抗应激反应过程中发挥重要作用。研究不仅可为动物抗逆境机制的研究提供新的思路, 而且在克氏原螯虾优良品种的培育及寻找应对克氏原螯虾应激反应的策略等方面也具有重要价值。

METABOLOME ANALYSIS ON HEPATOPANCREAS OF PROCAMBARUS CLARKII WITH DIFFERENT STRESS RESISTANCES

Procambarus clarkii, commonly known as “crayfish” or “freshwater crayfish”, is one of the most important freshwater aquaculture species in Chinese mainland. Recently, the aquaculture area and production of the crayfish in Chinese mainland have been continuously increased. However, the stress response caused by various factors, such as climate change, transportation and environmental change has led to more and more serious problems, including explosive disease and even death during culturing the crayfish, which not only decreased the crayfish product quality, but also resulted in serious damage to the crayfish breeding industry. In this study, we first treated the crayfish by transportation and temperature stresses to select the stronger stress resistant (SSR) and the weaker stress resistant (WSR) crayfishes. Then we dissected the hepatopancreas of SSR and WSR crayfishes to compare the metabolomics by Liquid Chromotography-Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A total of 10292 ions were detected, from which 464 metabolites were identified to be significant different between SSR and WSR (fold change>1.2,P<0.05, and VIP>1.0). Among them, 227 metabolites were down-regulated and 237 metabolites were up-regulated in SSR relative to WSR. KEGG analysis showed that these differential metabolites were mainly enriched in amino acid metabolic pathways, including histidine metabolism, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, lysine degradation, valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis, and glutathione metabolism. They also enriched in ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, carbohydrate metabolic pathways (pentose and glucuronate interconversions), fatty acid metabolic pathways (unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis), etc. These results indicate that there are a wide range of metabolic responses in response to transportation and temperature stress, and some metabolites related to antioxidative stress and enhancing immunity, such as γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteine, taurine, and oleic acid, may play an important role in the stress resistance inP. clarkii. This study can not only provide new insights for studying mechanisms of animal stress resistance, but also have important value in developing strategies to cope with the stress response and in breeding new aquaculture strains with strong stress resistance.