精子介导的转基因技术

精子介导的转基因技术是近十几年发展起来的一种新技术.从各个种的实验证明,精子有瞬间吸收外源DNA的能力.这一过程由一系列因子起重要调节作用.一种特异的DNA结合蛋白介导了外源DNA与精子的结合,同时精浆中存在一种因子起抑制两者结合的拮抗作用.CD4分子与外源基因的内化有关.内化的DNA可能与精子核支架结构(nuclear scaffold)结合,并整合或重排.但仍需要大量实验数据进一步证明是否产生真正可遗传的转基因后代,及如何提高转基因效率,以使这一方法得到普遍的推广及应用.

Research Progress in Sperm-mediated Gene Transfer

The idea of using a sperm cell for introducing exogenous DNA into an oocyte at the time of fertilization has been paid attention and applied because of its advantages since 1990.It has been proved in almost most species that sperm cells have the spontaneous ability to take up foreign DNA. Numerous factors appear to modulate the interaction of sperm cells with exogenous DNA. The binding is mediated by specific DNA-binding proteins and is antagonized by an inhibitory factor in the seminal fluid. A portion of sperm-bound DNA is internalized in the nuclei, a process mediated by CD4 molecules. Internalized foreign DNA sequences reach the nuclear scaffold and may undergo recombination with chromosomal DNA. But the generation of real transgenic individuals need to be presented further in order to provide the tools for an objective evaluation of the efficiency of this method.