鸟类婚配制度的生态学分类

在Ｅmlen和Ｏring鸟类婚配制度生态学分类系统的基础上，根据近年来鸟类行为生态学研究的成果，对鸟类的婚配制度进行了补充分类，并强调了应以进化稳定策略的观念来认识乌类的婚配制度。补充的鸟类婚配制度生态型包括：合作型一雄一雌制（cooperative monogamy)、临界型一雄一雌制（critical monogamy)、保卫雌性型一雄一雌制（female defense mognogamy)、从领域型一雄多雌制（poly-terri-tory polygyny)和社群繁殖制。合作型一雄一雌制的鸟 类雌雄个体爱力合作才保证繁殖的成功；临界型一悲欢离合一雌制鸟类雌雄个体都有多配倾向，但迫于生态压力必须共同抚育后代才能繁殖成功;保卫雌性型一雄一雌制的鸟 类通过保卫一个雌鸟不被其它雄鸟占有而保证繁殖成功，多领域型一雄多雌制的雄鸟通过占有多个领域而多个雌鸟交配；社群繁殖制的鸟 类由三个以上个体参与工部分参与繁殖，所有个体共同抚育一批后代，现有的鸟类婚配制度可以归为一雄一雌制（monogamy)、一雄多雌繁殖，所有个体共同抚育一批后代。现有的鸟类婚配制度可以归为一雄一雌制(polygyny)、一雌多雄制（polyandry)快速多窝型多配制（rapid-multiple-clutch polygamy)和社群繁殖制（social breeing systen）五大类型。

Ecological Classification of Avian Mating System

Basing on the Emlen Oring ecological classification of avian mating system and the recent results of avi behavior ecology researches, we presented a complementary classification. Birds of cooperative monogamy must keep close cooperation to ensure breeding success. For critical monogamy birds, both males and females have the tendency of polygamy, but it is still necessary to foster offspring together by the ecology force. The male female proportions of female defense monogamy birds are large, and to ensure breeding success, one male defend one female not to be possessed by other males. Poly territory polygyny male birds copulate with multiple female birds by occupying multiple territories. Three or more birds of social breeding system participate or partly participate breeding, and all the participants foster offspring together. Existing avian mating system can be classed into 5 main types: monogamy, polygyny, polyandry, rapid multiple clutch polygamy and social breeding system. Additional ecological types of avian mating system include cooperative monogamy, critical monogamy, female defense monogamy, poly territory polygyny and social breeding system.