Growth of Bacillus cereus in fermenting tempeh made from various beans and its inhibition by Lactobacillus plantarum

Counts of Bacillus cereus reached ca 10⁸ cfu/g within 40 h in fermenting unacidified horsebean tempeh and resulted in complete spoilage of the product. In fermenting unacidified pea, chickpea and soybean tempeh, B. cereus counts reached 10⁶–10⁷ cfu/g, although the products were not spoiled. Inoculation of these unacidified beans with Lactobacillus plantarum decreased the final count of B. cereus by 2 log units, but had no effect on its growth in unacidified horsebean tempeh and its subsequent spoilage. Acidification of the beans during soaking resulted in a lower rate of B. cereus growth during fermentation. Inoculation of acidified beans with Lact. plantarum resulted in a markedly lower growth rate of B. cereus . In an associative broth culture study, B. cereus was completely inhibited by Lact. plantarum at pH values of about 5·5. Lactobacillus plantarum may be used to control the growth of B. cereus during tempeh production.