高原慢性低氧对土生牦牛与迁饲黄牛肾功能影响的比较

目的：探讨长期慢性高原暴露对高原土生牦牛（yak）、高山迁饲黄牛（migratedcattle）和低海拔黄牛（lowland cattle）肾功能的影响，探究牦牛和高山迁饲黄牛适应和习服高原的不同特征及差异。方法：采集青海不同地区的牦牛血样，按海拔高度分为3 000 m，3 500 m，4 000 m和4 300 m四个组（n=84），同时采集高山迁饲黄牛（n=22）及低海拔黄牛（n=39）血液，利用全自动血液生化分析仪测定尿素氮（BUN）、肌酐（Cr）、尿素氮/肌酐（BUN/Cr）、尿酸（UA）、二氧化碳结合率（CO₂cp）、葡萄糖（GLU）水平，分析不同海拔高度的牦牛之间及牦牛、高山迁饲黄牛和低海拔黄牛之间的差异。结果：随着海拔的升高，土生牦牛UA、CO₂cp两项升高较显著，与黄牛相比，BUN、BUN/Cr显著高于高山迁饲黄牛和低海拔黄牛， CO₂cp、GLU显著低于低海拔黄牛。低海拔黄牛和高山迁饲黄牛相比，BUN、BUN/Cr显著低于高山迁饲黄牛，UA、CO₂cp显著高于高山迁饲黄牛。结论：土生牦牛对于高原低氧环境有很强的适应能力；高山迁饲黄牛表现出对低氧的不适应性，处于对低氧的应激状态。

Comparative study of high altitude chronic hypoxia on renal function in yak and migrated cattle on Qinghai-Tibetan plateau

Objective: To investigate the difference of renal function among yak, migrated cattle on Qinghai-tibetan plateau and lowland cattle, and to further explore the characteristics of renal to adapt chronic hypoxia.Methods: The serum samples of yak(n=84) were collected at 3 000 m,3 500 m,4 000 m and 4 300 m respectively,meanwhile the serum samples of migrated cattle on plateau (n=22) and lowland cattle (n=39) were also collected.The levels of blood urea nitrogen(BUN), creatinine(Crea), blood urea nitrogen/creatinine(BUN/Cr), uric acid(UA), carbon dioxide binding rate(CO₂cp), glucose(GLU) in serum were measured by using fully automatic blood biochemical analyzer. We analysed the differences among the above renal functions.Results: With the altitudeincreased, the results showed the levels of UA and CO₂cp of yak were increased significantly, as compared to cattle, the levels of BUN and BUN/Cr were increased significantly compared with migrated cattle on plateau and lowland cattle, thelevels of CO₂cp and GLU were decreased significantly compared with lowland cattle. As compared to migrated cattle on plateau, the levels of BUN and BUN/Cr of lowland cattle were decreased significantly, the levels of UA and CO₂cp were increased significantly.Conclusion: The results indicated that theyak were adaptedto the plateau hypoxia environment and migrated cattle maybe not adapt to the low oxygen environment, they were under the stress situation.