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Traditional Livelihoods,Conservation and Meadow Ecology in Jiuzhaigou National Park,Sichuan, China |
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| Authors: | Lauren Urgenson Amanda H Schmidt Julie Combs Stevan Harrell Thomas Hinckley Qingxia Yang Ziyu Ma Li Yongxian Lü Hongliang Andrew MacIver |
| Institution: | 1. School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, College of the Environment, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-2100, USA 2. Geology Department, Oberlin College, Oberlin, OH, 44074, USA 3. UW Botanic Gardens, University of Washington, Box 354115, Seattle, WA, 98195-4115, USA 4. Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Box 353100, Seattle, WA, 98195-3100, USA 5. Science Department, Jiuzhaigou National Park, Aba Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China 6. Department of Bioscience, Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Aarhus University, Building 1540, Room 318, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark 7. Department of Archaeology, Sichuan University, 24 S Section One, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China 8. Division of the Social Sciences, University of Chicago, 5828 South University Avenue, Pick Hall 301, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA |
| Abstract: | Jiuzhaigou National Park (JNP) is a site of global conservation significance. Conservation policies in JNP include the implementation of two national reforestation programs to increase forest cover and the exclusion of local land-use. We use archaeological excavation, ethnographic interviews, remote sensing and vegetation surveys to examine the implications of these policies for non-forest, montane meadows. We find that Amdo Tibetan people cultivated the valley for >2,000 years, creating and maintaining meadows through land clearing, burning and grazing. Meadows served as sites for gathering plants and mushrooms and over 40 % of contemporary species are ethnobotanically useful. Remote sensing analyses indicate a substantial (69.6 %) decline in meadow area between 1974 and 2004. Respondents report a loss of their “true history” and connections to the past associated with loss of meadows. Conservation policies intended to preserve biodiversity are unintentionally contributing to the loss of these ecologically and culturally significant meadow habitats. |
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