西双版纳土地的不同管理方式对植物多样性的影响评价探讨

 现代生物多样性的迅速丧失主要是由于对土地的不合理利用所致，因此对土地的合理利用被认为是生物多样性有效保护的基础。西双版纳是我国植物多样性最丰富的地区之一，然而，由于土地利用的变化，植物多样性也不同程度受到影响。为探讨土地利用对生物多样性的影响，本文在样方调查的基础上，运用定量的方法计算西双版纳主要的土地利用方式对生物多样性的影响指数(I=l/E，E=log10(V3·s·e，r))进行计算，发现对植物多样性的影响依次为：单一的橡胶种植园、橡胶+茶叶、橡胶+菠萝、家庭庭园、寺庙庭园、天然林下砂仁的种植、丢荒(8年)的轮歇地、集体林、龙山林和保护区。因此，要有效保护西双版纳的生物多样性，一是要保护好现存的自然保护区与传统信仰林，二是在土地开发利用时要推广既有较好的经济和社会效益，同时又有较好的生态效益的混农林技术。

AN ASSESSMENT OF IMPACTS OF LAND USE ON PLANT BIODIVERSITY IN XISHUANGBANNA, SOUTHWEST CHINA

Scientific planning and rational utilization of land are considered as the most important measure to conserve the existing biodiversity because the loss of biodiversity is mainly caused by land exploitation.Benefiting from diverse climatic conditions,Xishuangbanna is one of the richest area in biodiversity in China.However,due to the increasing of land exploitation,the biodiversity in this area has been reduced with a considerable speed.The impacts of 8 types of land use on plant biodiversity were analyzed .The order of the 8 types of land use by their intensity of impact on biodiversity was as follows:Monoculture of rubber plantation>Rubber Tea>Rubber Pineapple>Home garden>Temple garden>8 year abounded lands after shifting cultivation>Forest Chinese cardamom>Collective Forest>Nature reserve.