BcL2蛋白质家族——定位与转位

Bcl-2蛋白质家族的抗凋亡和促凋亡成员，在线粒体水平上决定细胞的存活或死亡.在正常细胞中，这些成员呈现功能适应性的细胞内分布；抗凋亡成员主要定位于细胞内膜系特别是线粒体外膜上：但绝大多数促凋亡成员主要分布于细胞浆中.细胞接受死亡信号后，Bcl-2家族成员本身受到一系列的调节，如磷酸化、裂解、蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用等，结果之一是促凋亡成员发生细胞内定位的改变，从细胞浆转位于线粒体膜上，并引发线粒体功能异常及其内外膜间致凋亡因子的释放，最终导致细胞凋亡.

Bcl-2 Protein Family: Localization and Translocation

Bcl-2 protein family members, including anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic members, act on mitochondria controlling the fate of cell between life and death. In healthy cells, Bcl-2 protein family displays specifically cellular location that fit to their functioning: anti-apoptotic members are localized predominantly to the cellular inner membranes, especially the outer mitochondrial membrane, and most of the pro-apoptotic members exist mainly in the cytosol. Following death stimuli, Bcl-2 protein family members can be regulated through mechanisms such as phosphorylation, proteolysis and protein-protein interaction etc, by which one of the main consequences is the shift of the cellular location of proapoptotic members. Translocation of proapoptotic members from cytosol to mitochondria will result in mitochondrial dysfunction and the release of apopogenic factors in the mitochondrial intermembrane space, culminating in apoptosis.