Root distribution and water uptake patterns of corn under surface and subsurface drip irrigation |
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Authors: | Coelho Eugenio F Or Dani |
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Institution: | (1) Embrapa – Mandioca e Fruticultura, C.P. 07, Cruz das Almas, 44380-000, BA, Brazil;(2) Department of Plants, Soils, and Biometeorology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-4820, USA |
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Abstract: | Information on root distribution and uptake patterns is useful to better understand crop responses to irrigation and fertigation,
especially with the limited wetted soil volumes which develop under drip irrigation. Plant water uptake patterns play an important
role in the success of drip irrigation system design and management. Here the root systems of corn were characterized by their
length density (RLD) and root water uptake (RWU). Comparisons were made between the spatial patterns of corn RWU and RLD under
surface and subsurface drip irrigation in a silt loam soil, considering a drip line on a crop row and between crop rows. Water
uptake distribution was measured with an array of TDR probes at high spatial and temporal resolution. Root length density
was measured by sampling soil cores on a grid centered on crop row. Roots were separated and an estimation of root geometrical
attributes was made using two different image analysis programs. Comparisons of these programs yielded nearly identical estimates
of RLD. The spatial patterns of RWU and RLD distributions, respectively normalized to the total uptake and root length, were
generally similar only for drip line on a crop row, but with some local variations between the two measures. Both RLD and
RWU were adequately fitted with parametric models based on semi-lognormal and normal Gaussian bivariate density functions
(Coelho and Or, 1996; Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 60, 1039–1049). |
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Keywords: | root length density root uptake parametric models corn |
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