应用RAPD技术对甘肃栽培牡丹品种的分类鉴定研究

应用RAPD技术对甘肃栽培紫斑牡丹品种的分类进行了初步研究,筛选出10个随机引物在16个品种中共扩增出120个位点,其中114个位点呈多态性,4个位点具品种专一性。根据RAPD结果计算各品种间的遗传距离为0．212 8～0．744 4,所研究的16个品种中,除‘北国风光’外‘理想’与其它品种的遗传距离均很大,而皇冠型的‘春红争艳’与蔷薇型的‘怀念’两品种间的遗传距离最小。同一品种不同个体间与不同品种间在遗传距离上无明显差异,暗示在甘肃栽培牡丹品种中可能存在同物异名和同名异物。聚类分析表明,‘理想’和‘北国风光’与其它品种分别构成了遗传差异很大的两类,楼子类与千层类的品种在聚类时虽未完全分开,但楼子类大部分品种间表现出了更高的遗传相似性,且遗传距离与各种色系间没有明显的相关性。结果表明,RAPD技术能够克服传统上根据形态学性状对品种进行分类的缺点,可用于牡丹栽培品种的鉴定。

RAPD Classification and Identification of Paeonia rockii Varieties Planted in Gansu Province

RAPD was adopted to preliminarily classify Paeonia rockii varieties planted in Gansu province and thus ten random primers were screened;120 sites were amplified with the primers and of them 114 sites presented polymorphic and four sites presented variety specific. The genetic distances of the various varieties calculated depending on the RAPD results ranged within 0. 212 8-0. 744 4,and of the sixteen varieties under study,the variety 'Lixiang' had a very long genetic distance from all the other varieties but the variety 'Beiguofengguang',whereas there was the smallest genetic distance between 'Chunhongzhengyan' with crown flower form and 'Huainian' with rose flower form. Different individuals of same varieties and different varieties did not differ significantly in genetic distance .which implied that P. rockii varieties planted in Gansu province probably contained synonyms and homonyms. It was showed by cluster analysis that 'Huainian' and 'Beiguofengguang' with the other varieties separately formed two groups that genetically differed greatly,and most of the varieties with crown proliferated flowers appeared to be of high genetic similarity and their genetic distances did not correlated with their various color groups, although the vari- eties with crown proliferated flowers and hundred proliferated flowers were not fully divided by cluster analysis. The results indicated that RAPD could overcome the limitations of traditional classification of P. rockii varieties according to their morphological traits and thus be used to identify planted P. rockii varieties.