Phenotypic alterations and component analysis of seed yield in transgenic Brassica napus plants expressing the tzs gene

Cytokinins play an important role in plant development. We investigated the possibility that the nopaline Ti plasmid gene ( tzs ) from Agrobacterium tumefaciens could encode a protein able to participate in plant cytokinin production and lead to alterations in plant phenotype as a result of the expression of endogenous tzs . tzs was placed under the control of a heat‐inducible promoter from the Zea mays hsp70 gene. The expression of this fused gene was examined in transgenic Brassica napus plants. The tzs gene, which encodes the enzyme dimethylallyl transferase, was used as a cytokinin biosynthetic gene. The expression of the tzs gene was monitored by RNA hybridization and analysis of cytokinin content. Overproduction of cytokinin was observed even when the plants had not been heat‐shocked, and the plants displayed a reduced root system, increased height and branching, and delayed flowering. In addition, a significant increase in seed yield was observed in the transgenic plants, accounted for by increased number of seeds per silique and seed weight. The results suggest that increased levels of cytokinins, through the expression of tzs , are correlated with growth rather than with differentiation processes.