植物3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶的多维本质

3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(GAPDH)作为一种糖酵解蛋白在糖酵解的能量产生中发挥着重要作用。它通常作为一种模式蛋白用于蛋白和酶的分析,也可以用作研究基因表达量的内在对照。然而,最近的相关研究表明,真核及原核生物的3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶实际上存在着一种多维本质,研究证明它在DNA修复、细胞凋亡、核RNA输出、及其在细胞周期中都发挥着重要的作用。尽管该酶在植物中的研究不如在哺乳动物中的深入,但研究已经陆续证明,3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶在植物中同样具有许多未被发现的功能,目前已经报道该酶在厌氧、热激、伤害以及能量供应中可能发挥着重要作用。本文旨在就国内外对于该酶在植物中的研究作一总结论述,以期推进科学界对它的更深入认识和研究。

Multidimensional Nature of Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase in Plants

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is known for its pivotal role in glycolysis as a classical glycolytic protein in cytosolic energy production.It is used as a model for protein and enzyme analysis.It is also utilized as an internal control factor for relative quantitation of gene expression.Recent advance has brought out multidimensional nature of eukaryotic and prokaryotic GAPDH.Mammalian GAPDH is involved in DNA repair,apoptosis,nuclear RNA export and plays an important role in cell cycle.Even though the progress in plants is not as much as in mammalian,recent researches have started to unravel multidimensional nature of plant GAPDH.Several lines of evidence reveals that plant GAPDH also has many unknown activities appeared in anaerobic stress,heat shock,sucrose supply,and wound-stress etc.Future researches to characterize the functions of GAPDH in plant growth and development and plant responses to environmental stimuli will reveal more detailed information about how GAPDH is regulated and how they may function and interact with various signaling pathways.This review summarizes what is known about this old enzyme GAPDH with focus on its new functions in plants.