一株十二烷基苯磺酸钠降解菌的分离鉴定及降解特性研究

从受污染河水中筛选分离得到一株能以十二烷基苯磺酸钠(Sodiumdodecylbenzenesulfonate,SDBS)为唯一碳源和能源生长的菌株WZR-A。经对其形态特征、生理生化、以及16SrDNA序列分析,将WZR-A初步鉴定为人苍白杆菌(Ochrobactrumanthropi)。研究表明该菌株利用SDBS生长的最适温度为30℃,最适pH为7·0。SDBS浓度低于400mg/L时菌株对SDBS的降解率可在80%以上。菌株细胞蛋白SDS-PAGE结果显示,菌株在SDBS诱导前后的细胞蛋白组成有明显差异。酶的定域试验表明,该菌株的相关降解酶为胞内酶。相关降解酶活性及降解底物测试结果表明,该菌株可能通过邻位途径裂解芳环并具有对多种芳香族化合物降解的能力。此外,利用质粒检测和消除试验发现菌株WZR-A中含有大质粒且该菌株的相关降解基因初步定位于该质粒。

Isolation and characterization of a sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate degrading bacterial strain

A bacterial strain, designated as WZR-A, which could utilize sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) as sole carbon and energy source for growth, was isolated from contaminated river. The strain was identified as Ochrobactrum anthropi based on its morphological and physiological properties, and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The optimum pH and temperature for cell growth and SDBS degradation were 7.0 and 30 degrees U, respectively. The degradation rate of SDBS by strain WZR-A was higher than 80% when its concentration was lower than 400mg/L. The results of whole cell protein SDS-PAGE electrophoresis showed that there were very obvious differences in the total cell protein composition of the strain between before and after SDBS induction. The enzyme distribution experiment showed that the enzymes relative SDBS degradation in the bacterium was intracellular one. Results from the characterization of degradation substrates together with the detection of activities of relative catabolic enzymes in crude extracts indicated that the aromatic ring cracking of SDBS by the strain probably via the modified ortho cleavage pathway and the strain could use broader spectrum substrates. A large plasmid was detected by utilizing plasmid isolating and curing technique and it was found that the genes involved in SDBS degradation were likely located on the plasmid.