Inheritance of parental genomes in progenies of Poa pratensis L. from sexual and apomictic genotypes as assessed by RAPD markers and flow cytometry |
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Authors: | G Barcaccia A Mazzucato A Belardinelli M Pezzotti S Lucretti M Falcinelli |
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Institution: | (1) Istituto di Miglioramento Genetico Vegetale, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, I-06100 Perugia, Italy, IT;(2) Dipartimento di Agrobiologia e Agrochimica, University of Viterbo, Via S.C. de Lellis 1, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy, IT;(3) Dipartimento Innovazione, Divisione Biotecnologie ed Agricoltura, ENEA CR Casaccia, Via Anguillarese 301, I-00060 S.M. Galeria, Roma, Italy, AI |
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Abstract: | Moving gene(s) responsible for the apomictic trait into crop plants that naturally reproduce through a sexual process would
open up new areas in plant breeding and agricultural systems. Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) is one of the most important forage and turf grasses in temperate climates. It reproduces through facultative aposporous
parthenogenesis, but the reproductive behaviour ranges naturally from nearly obligate apomixis to complete sexuality. In addition
to apomictic reproduction, sexual hybridization may take place. Selfing may also occur, and occasionally reduced egg cells
may develop through parthenogenesis generating (poly)haploids. The inheritance of parental genomes was assessed in Kentucky
bluegrass progenies by employing RAPD markers in combination with flow cytometry (FCM). Nine progenies from different crosses
carried out between completely sexual and highly apomictic genotypes were evaluated in order to probe the reproductive behaviour
of the mother plants and to distinguish the different classes of aberrant plants. Not only were maternals and balanced BII hybrids recorded, but so were (poly)triploid BIII hybrids, selfs, and (poly)haploids. The application of these techniques demonstrated that FCM analysis accurately distinguishes
the n, 2n, and 3n ploidy levels of progenies, and that RAPD markers unequivocally recognize progenies of apomictic and hybrid
origin. The occurrence of aneusomaty was documented in one of the selected sexual genotypes, whose crossed progeny plants
manifested two distinct classes of ploidy. The nomenclature BI was adopted to refer to hybrids with a hypodiploid nuclear condition. On the whole, the FCM analysis confirmed most of the
RAPD data. The combined evaluation of DNA markers and DNA contents proved to be an efficient screening tool for scoring maternal
plants, assessing the genetic origin of aberrant plants, and quantifying the inheritance of parental genomes in Kentucky bluegrass.
Hybrid populations from sexual×apomictic matings that segregate for the mode of reproduction represent a valuable basis for
attempting to identify molecular markers linked to the apomixis gene(s).
Received: 11 November 1996/Accepted: 22 November 1996 |
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Keywords: | Kentucky bluegrass Apospory Sexuality Genomic DNA markers Nuclear DNA contents Ploidy Aneusomaty |
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