四种蜚蠊的呼吸信号特征比较

在20℃下，利用CO₂红外分析仪采集了美洲大蠊Periplaneta americana、褐斑大蠊P.brunnea、澳洲大蠊P.australasiae和德国小蠊Blattella germanica的呼吸信号。结果表明，它们均具有典型的不连续气体交换循环（discontinuous gas exchange cycle, DGC）呼吸模式，且一个DGC可分为爆发间期和爆发期2个阶段。4种蜚蠊雄性成虫DGC的特征各异：美洲大蠊完成一个DGC周期平均约需24.55 min，明显长于褐斑大蠊(11.67 min)和澳洲大蠊(10.75 min)，德国小蠊周期最短，仅为4.41 min；对于爆发间期历时在整个DGC历时所占的比例，美洲大蠊最大，平均为57％，德国小蠊次之，为48％，褐斑大蠊和澳洲大蠊比较接近，分别为37％和36％。德国小蠊单位体重的CO₂平均释放速率最大，而另外3种蜚蠊的差异不明显。4种蜚蠊爆发期CO₂释放体积均随DGC历时增加而增加，美洲大蠊和德国小蠊单位体重的CO₂平均释放率随DGC历时增加而减少，在褐斑大蠊和澳洲大蠊中它们关系不明显。美洲大蠊、褐斑大蠊和澳洲大蠊CO₂平均释放率和爆发期CO₂释放体积与体重呈正相关，在德国小蠊中关系不明显；4种蜚蠊DGC各阶段历时和DGC频率与它们体重的关系均不明显。

Characteristic analysis of respiratory signals in four species of cockroaches

In 20℃, respiratory signals of four species of cockroaches including Periplaneta americana, P. brunnea, P. australasiae, Blattella germanica were sampled and analyzed with infrared CO₂ analyzer. The results indicated that they all  exhibited the respiratory model of discontinuous gas exchange cycle (DGC). A DGC was divided into two periods，including an interburst period and a burst period. There were some differences among DGC characters of different species. A DGC period of P. americanawas about 24.55 min, obviously longer than that of P. brunnea (11.67 min) and P. australasiae (10.75 min), and it was only 4.41 min for B. germanica. The proportion of interburst period duration to DGC duration in P. americana was the highest with the mean value 57%, which was 48%, 37% and 36% for B. germanica, P. brunnea and P. australasiae respectively. The CO₂ release rate per body weight in B. germanica was the highest, and there was no obvious difference among the rest three species. The CO₂ release volume of burst period increased with the increase of DGC duration in the four species. The CO₂ release rate per body weight decreased with the increase of DGC duration in P. americana and B. germanica, but their correlations were not obvious in P. brunnea and P. australasiae. The CO₂ release rate and CO₂ release volume of burst period had positive correlation with body weight in other three species except B. germanica. Body weight did not influence the durations of DGC, interburst period and burst period and the DGC frequency in all four species.