APC蛋白、GSK3β在吸烟小鼠气道上皮损伤修复中的动态变化

为了探讨结肠腺瘤性息肉病（adenomatous polyposis coli,APC）蛋白、糖原合成酶激酶3β（glycogen synthase kinase3β,GSK3β）在吸烟致气道上皮细胞（airway epithelial cell,AEC）损伤修复中的作用,本实验建立了吸烟导致AEC损伤修复的小鼠模型,采用HE染色、免疫组织化学染色、免疫荧光共聚焦成像和Western blot方法,观察损伤修复过程中APC蛋白、GSK3β在AEC中表达及分布的动态变化.结果显示：（1）随着吸烟时间延长,AEC形态学上呈现损伤（1、4周）、修复（8周）、再损伤（12周）的变化.（2）免疫组化染色显示：AEC中APC蛋白表达在吸烟1周时较对照组明显增强,4周时较对照组明显减弱,8、12周时均较4周时增强但与对照组无差异;对照组GSK3β表达较强,吸烟组表达较对照组均减弱.Western blot检测小鼠肺组织中APC蛋白、GSK3β的表达变化与免疫组化结果一致,磷酸化GSK3β（p-GSK3β）在吸烟组的表达较对照组均有不同程度增高,尤以吸烟1周时明显.（3）荧光共聚焦成像显示：对照组APC蛋白在AEC胞质内均匀分布,吸烟1、8周时APC蛋白定位发生改变,呈簇状聚集于AEC腔面和侧面质膜下;GSK3β在对照组和吸烟组AEC胞质内均匀分布,无定位改变.由上述结果可见,吸烟致小鼠AEC损伤修复过程中APC蛋白表达及在胞质内分布呈动态变化,同时伴有GSK3β表达下调和磷酸化水平增高,提示二者可能通过参与修复过程中细胞迁移、分裂增殖等活动,在气道上皮损伤修复过程中发挥重要作用.

Dynamic changes of adenomatous polyposis coli protein and glycogen synthase kinase 3beta in the repair of the injured airway epithelial cells in smoking mice

To investigate the roles of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) protein and glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta) of smoking murine model in the repair of the injured airway epithelial cells (AECs) in different stages, 30 male Kun-Ming mice were randomly divided into two groups, the control group and the smoking group. There were 24 mice in smoking group, and 6 animals were separately killed at the end of the 1st, 4th, 8th and 12th week after smoking. Then the following tests were undertaken: (1) HE staining of lung section to observe the morphological changes of the bronchi in the smoking mice. (2) Immunohistochemical staining of APC protein and GSK3beta in the AECs. (3) Western blot was used to detect the levels of APC protein, GSK3beta and phosphorated GSK3beta (p-GSK3beta) in pulmonary tissue. (4) Observing the localizations of APC protein and GSK3beta in the AECs by immunofluorescence technique. The results showed: (1) AECs showed changes of predominant injury (1-, 4-week), repair (8-week) and reinjury (12-week) along with smoking time prolonged. The experimental results indicated that the model of smoking mice was duplicated successfully. (2) Immunohistochemical results showed that the expression of APC protein in the AECs increased after 1-week smoking (0.458 +/- 0.062 vs 0.399 +/- 0.060, P< 0.05 vs control), but was significantly decreased at the end of the 4th week (0.339+/- 0.056, P<0.01 vs control) and increased at the end of the 8th and 12th week (0.387 +/- 0.041, 0.378 +/- 0.037, P<0.05 vs 4-week). The expression of GSK3beta in the AECs of smoking mice obviously decreased (P<0.01 or P<0.05 vs control). (3) Western blot showed that the expressions of APC protein and GSK3beta in lung tissue were consistent with the results of immunohistochemistry; and the levels of p-GSK3beta in all smoking models were higher than that in control. (4) The results of immunofluorescence showed that APC protein was localized mainly near the regions of epithelial cell membrane at the end of the 1st and 8th week after smoking, which were dissimilar with the localization in control, and this change was not seen in the location of GSK3beta. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the expressions and localizations of APC protein, GSK3beta and the activity of GSK3beta are dynamically changed in the AECs with experimental smoking injury at different phases, suggesting that APC protein and GSK3beta may be involved in the regulation of migration and proliferation of AECs, and play an important role in the process of repair of airway epithelium injury.