Divergent adaptation to Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau implicated from transciptome study of Gymnocypris dobula and Schizothorax nukiangensis |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China;2. Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China;3. The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China;4. Marine Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China;1. College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China;2. Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nantong 226007, China;3. Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lian Yungang 222005, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;2. Research Institute of Sun Yat-sen University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China;3. State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol Shenzhen R&D Center, Shenzhen 518057, China;4. Institute for Technology Research and Innovation of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China;5. CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China;1. Department of Ornamental Horticulture, School of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, 311300 Lin''an, Hangzhou, China;2. Nurturing Station for State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, 311300 Lin''an, Hangzhou, China;1. The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;2. Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden;3. Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden |
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| Abstract: | The Schizothoracine fishes are widely distributed in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) area and its peripheral regions, which provide a prime example of adaptation in highland aquatic environments. Recent progresses have revealed various genetic adaptations of these fishes by comparing to distantly related lowerland species, however, comparative studies on closely-related species of different altitudes are still lacking. In this study, we sequenced and annotated a primitive Schizothoracine fish Schizothorax nukiangensis Tsao and a highly specialized one Gymnocypris dobula. We performed evolutionary analyses to investigate the candidate genes and signaling pathways involved QTP highland adaptation in both Schizothoracine fishes. Analysis of the 11,007 one-copy orthologs to the primitive cyprinid species, Danio rerio, revealed that both G. dobula and S. nukiangensis showed elevated evolutionary rates. A large number of genes related to hypoxia, including genes involved metabolic processes and cardiovascular system development, exhibited signatures of positive selection in both Schizothoracine fishes, but very few positively selected genes were found overlapping among these Schizothoracines. Our results indicated divergent genetic adaptation to highland environment for aquatic species living in QTP. |
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| Keywords: | Tibetan plateau Adaptive evolution Schizothoracine fish Hypoxia |
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