Classification of uncultivated anammox bacteria and Candidatus Uabimicrobium into new classes and provisional nomenclature as Candidatus Brocadiia classis nov. and Candidatus Uabimicrobiia classis nov. of the phylum Planctomycetes and novel family Candidatus Scalinduaceae fam. nov to accommodate the genus Candidatus Scalindua |
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| Institution: | 1. Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North-13, West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan;2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kure College, 2-2-11 Agaminami, Kure, Hiroshima 737-8506, Japan;3. Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;4. Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Life Science, Sojo University, 4-22-1, Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan;1. Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad 500046, India;2. Bacterial Discovery Laboratory, Centre for Environment, Institute of Science and Technology, JNT University Hyderabad, Kukatpally, Hyderabad 500085, India;1. Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Toxicology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, People''s Republic of China;2. Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People''s Republic of China;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, People''s Republic of China;1. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Institut, Water Chemistry and Water Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 1, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany;2. Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium;3. Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Ueberlandstr. 133, 8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland;4. Delft University of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC Delft, The Netherlands;1. Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan;2. Wastewater and Sludge Management Division, National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management, Asahi 1, Tsukuba, 305-0804, Japan;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, 739-8527, Japan;4. Program of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, 739-8530, Japan;1. Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China;2. Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland |
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| Abstract: | The phylum Planctomycetes is metabolically unique group of bacteria divided in two classes Planctomycetia and Phycisphaerae. Anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria are the uncultured representatives of the phylum Planctomycetes. Anammox bacterial genera are placed in the family Candidatus (Ca.) Brocadiaceae of the order Ca. Brocadiales, assigned to the class Planctomycetia. Phylogenetic analysis, showed that the anammox bacteria and Ca. Uabimicrobium form a divergent clade from the rest of the cultured representatives of the phylum Planctomycetes. The phylogenetic study, pairwise distance and Average Amino acid Identity (AAI) showed that anammox bacteria don’t belong to the classes Planctomycetia and Phycisphaerae. Anammox bacteria and Ca. Uabimicrobium form a deep-branching third clade in the phylogenetic analysis indicating that it is the most ancient third class within the phylum Planctomycetes. Phenotypic characters also separate anammox bacteria from classes Planctomycetia and Phycisphaerae. Therefore, based on phenotypic, phylogenetic, pairwise distance, AAI and phylogenomic analysis we propose a novel class Ca. Brocadiia to accommodate the order Ca. Brocadiales of anammox bacteria except Ca. Anammoximicrobium. Genera Ca. Jettenia, Ca. Anammoxoglobus, Ca. Kuenenia and Ca. Brocadia show their phylogenetic affiliation to the family Ca. Brocadiaceae. However, Ca. Scalindua showed a distant relationship with the family Ca. Brocadiaceae. Therefore, we suggest the exclusion of the genus Ca. Scalindua from the family Ca. Brocadiaceae; and propose its inclusion under a novel family with a provisional name as Ca. Scalinduaceae fam. nov. Similarly, Ca. Uabimicrobium amporphum showed distinct phylogenetic affiliation, therefore we propose a novel class Ca. Uabimicrobiia classis nov. to accommodate the genus Ca. Uabimicrobium. |
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