一品红苞片花色素的分离及初步鉴定

用紫外-可见光分光光度计、高效液相色谱（HPLC）和质谱（MS）技术对一品红（Euphorbia pulcherrima）红色苞片中的花色素提取液进行了初步鉴定.一品红花色素的甲醇溶液分别在270、340和520 nm处有3个吸收峰;在440 nm吸光度与可见光最大吸收波长520 nm吸光度的比值为0.29;花色素的甲醇溶液中加入AlCl3后发生红移,再加入HCl后发生蓝移;色素溶液在紫外光下无荧光;色素样品经液相色谱分离后在270 nm检测有5个比较明显的吸收峰;质谱中得到595、611、381、571和589等对应的分子离子峰;花色素酸解液高效液相色谱图谱和鼠李糖、葡萄糖的出峰时间一致.由这些结果可推断一品红花色素样品中主要含有5种组分：矢车菊花色素芸香苷、飞燕草花色素芸香苷、飞燕草花色素苯甲酰基葡糖苷、矢车菊花色素苯甲酰基葡糖苷和一种未知成分.

The Extraction and Primary Identification of Anthocyanidin in Euphorbia pulcherrima

Anthocyanidins in Euphorbia pulcherrima were extracted and identified by use of UV-vis spectrophotometry,high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and mass spectrometry(MS). Anthocyanidin extract in methanol showed 3 absorption peaks,at 270,340 and 520 nm,in the UV-vis spectrum,with bathochromic and hypsochromic shift with methanol+AlCl_3 and methanol+AlCl_3+HCl, respectively;the ratio of the absorbance at 440 nm to that at 520 nm was 0.29.No fluorescence occurred under UV irradiance,and 5 absorption peaks occurred at 270 nm after HPLC.Five molecular ion peaks(m/z)occurred on MS:595,381,611,587 and 571,respectively,and monosaccharides in the extract were identified as rhamuose and glucose on HPLC.These results suggest that anthocyanidin in E.pulcherrima mainly include cyanidin 3-rutinoside,delphinidin 3-rutinoside,cyanidin 3- benzoylglucoside,delphinidin 3-benzoylglucoside and an unknown component.