The likely impact of elevated [CO2], nitrogen deposition, increased temperature and management on carbon sequestration in temperate and boreal forest ecosystems: a literature review |
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Authors: | Hyvönen Riitta Agren Göran I Linder Sune Persson Tryggve Cotrufo M Francesca Ekblad Alf Freeman Michael Grelle Achim Janssens Ivan A Jarvis Paul G Kellomäki Seppo Lindroth Anders Loustau Denis Lundmark Tomas Norby Richard J Oren Ram Pilegaard Kim Ryan Michael G Sigurdsson Bjarni D Strömgren Monika van Oijen Marcel Wallin Göran |
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Affiliation: | Department of Ecology and Environmental Research, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), PO Box 7072, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden. Riitta.Hyvonen@eom.slu.se |
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Abstract: | Temperate and boreal forest ecosystems contain a large part of the carbon stored on land, in the form of both biomass and soil organic matter. Increasing atmospheric [CO2], increasing temperature, elevated nitrogen deposition and intensified management will change this C store. Well documented single-factor responses of net primary production are: higher photosynthetic rate (the main [CO2] response); increasing length of growing season (the main temperature response); and higher leaf-area index (the main N deposition and partly [CO2] response). Soil organic matter will increase with increasing litter input, although priming may decrease the soil C stock initially, but litter quality effects should be minimal (response to [CO2], N deposition, and temperature); will decrease because of increasing temperature; and will increase because of retardation of decomposition with N deposition, although the rate of decomposition of high-quality litter can be increased and that of low-quality litter decreased. Single-factor responses can be misleading because of interactions between factors, in particular those between N and other factors, and indirect effects such as increased N availability from temperature-induced decomposition. In the long term the strength of feedbacks, for example the increasing demand for N from increased growth, will dominate over short-term responses to single factors. However, management has considerable potential for controlling the C store. |
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Keywords: | carbon balance carbon dioxide (CO2) climate change fertilization global warming |
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