妊娠期外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病发病机制的研究概述

外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病(vulvovaginal candidiasis,VVC)是由假丝酵母菌引起的常见外阴阴道炎症。VVC在妊娠期有较高的发病率。妊娠期VVC的常见病原体主要是白色假丝酵母菌,其发病机制包括菌体本身的致病因素、妊娠期激素的升高及免疫功能下降。菌体的致病因素包括粘附力、细胞外酶及形态转换。同时VVC对妊娠有一定影响,主要导致宫内感染、胎膜早破、早产、低体质量儿出生、流产、死胎、假丝酵母菌性肺炎等疾病。本文就国内外妊娠期外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病的发病机制进行综述。

Summary of research on the pathogenesis of vulvovaginal candidiasis during pregnancy

Abstract: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common vulvovaginal inflammation caused by Candida which has higher incidence during pregnancy. Candida albicans is the major pathogenic bacteria of VVC during pregnancy. The pathogenesis includes the pathogenic factors of the bacteria, increased hormones during pregnancy and decreased immune function. The pathogenic factors of Candida includes adhesion, extracellular enzymes and morphological changes. At the same time, VVC has a certain impact on pregnancy, mainly leading to intrauterine infection, premature rupture of membranes, premature birth, low birth weight children, abortion, stillbirth, Candida pneumonia and other diseases. In this article we will discuss the pathogenesis of vulvovaginal candidiasis in pregnancy.