肠道菌群及其代谢产物 与结肠腺瘤性息肉相关性的研究进展

结肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)是常见的消化道恶性肿瘤,其发病率和病死率都极高。从结肠息肉发展到结肠癌一般需要10～15年,且大多遵循息肉-腺瘤-癌症的发展过程,结肠腺瘤性息肉(colorectal adenomatous polyps,CAP)被认为是结肠癌的癌前病变。有研究显示肠道菌群的改变与肠道腺瘤性息肉样变及癌症的发生发展有密切的相关性。根据肠道菌群在不同病理状态下的富集程度,可以进一步分析其与结肠病变之间的关系。本文就肠道菌群的构成,CAP患者粪便和腺瘤组织中肠道菌群富集的改变,以及肠道菌群代谢产物对CAP患者的影响等内容进行综述,为结肠腺瘤性息肉的早期诊断和治疗提供依据。

Correlation between gut microbiota and its metabolites in patients with colorectal adenomatous polyps: research progress

Abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract. The morbidity and mortality of CRC are extremely high. Most of CRCs will develop following a polyp-adenoma-cancer process which generally takes about 10-15 years. Colorectal adenomatous polyps (CAPs) are considered to be precancerous lesion of CRC, as it is closely related to CRC. The research about gut microbiota can help us to observe the change of microbiota during the process from healthy condition to CAP and eventually to CRC. Based on the abundance of gut microbiota with different pathological condition, further analysis on the relationship between the changes in gut microbiota and colonic lesions. In this paper, we reviewed the composition of gut microbiota and the changes in the abundance of gut microbiota in feces and adenoma tissues of CAP patients, and the effects of gut microbiota metabolites on CAP patients, in order to provide a basis for the early diagnosis and treatment of CAP.