高危型HPV感染与阴道微生物组关系

目的 通过分析高危型人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染患者的阴道菌群，探讨HPV感染与阴道微生物组的关系。方法 选取于国际和平妇幼保健院体检中心体检的63例HPV阴性女性（对照组）及39例高危型HPV感染者（HPV感染组）为研究对象。对细菌16S rDNA的V1V2域扩增后，使用高通量测序法分析两组对象阴道微生物组的组成与结构差异。结果 在门水平上，两组对象均以厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）为主要优势门，其在感染组中占55.0%，在对照组中占88.4%。Alpha多样性指数分析表明感染组患者的阴道菌群多样性均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。LEfSe结果显示加德纳菌属在感染组低级别鳞状上皮内病变（LSIL）型患者中为优势菌，乳杆菌属为对照组优势菌。结论 高危型HPV感染者阴道菌群多样性增加。加德纳菌属为LSIL与HPV阴性女性的差异菌，乳杆菌属为HPV阴性女性阴道特征菌。

Relationship between high-risk HPV infection and vaginal microflora

Objective To explore the relationship between high-risk HPV infection and vaginal microbiome. Methods 63 HPV negative women (control group) and 39 cases of high-risk HPV infection (HPV infection group) were selected from International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital. After bacterial 16S rDNA gene amplification, high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the differences in microflora composition and structure between the two groups. Results At the phylum level, Firmicutes was the dominant phylum in both groups, which accounted for 55.0% in the HPV infection group vs 88.4% in the control group. The Alpha diversity index indicated that the diversity of microflora in the infection group was higher than in the control group, with statistically significant difference（P<0.05）. LEfSe results showed that Gardnerella was the dominant genus in patients with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) while Lactobacillus was dominant in the normal controls. Conclusion The diversity of vaginal microflora in high-risk HPV infections was increased. Gardnerella was the dominant bacteria in LSIL type HPV infection group while Lactobacillus was the characteristic bacteria in HPV negative females.