布拉酵母菌散联合早期微量喂养对早产儿喂养不耐受及肠道菌群的影响

目的 探讨布拉酵母菌散联合早期微量喂养对早产儿喂养不耐受及肠道菌群的影响。方法 选取2014年1月至2018年6月在我院住院治疗的喂养不耐受早产儿80例，随机分为2组，各40例。对照组早产儿生后早期间歇持续微量喂养（12~24 h内），观察组早产儿在对照组基础上加用布拉酵母菌散0.125 g/次，1次/d，通过奶瓶或鼻饲给药。两组患儿均连用3周。观察两组早产儿治疗后恢复情况、肠道菌群变化及治疗效果。结果 观察组早产儿呕吐腹胀消失时间、达全胃肠喂养时间及恢复出生体重时间均明显短于对照组（均P<0.05）。治疗3周后，两组早产儿肠道乳杆菌和双歧杆菌数量较治疗前明显上升（均P<0.05），且观察组早产儿上升幅度较对照组更大（均P<0.05）。治疗后观察组早产儿临床总有效率明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（95.0% vs 80.0%，χ2=4.16，P<0.05）。结论 布拉酵母菌散联合早期微量喂养治疗早产儿喂养不耐受的疗效显著，能加快患儿的恢复，其作用机制可能与其能促进肠道正常菌群定植，加快肠道菌群的建立密切相关。

Influence of Saccharomyces boulardii Sachets combined with early micro-feeding on feeding intolerance and intestinal flora of premature infants

Objective To discuss the influence of Saccharomyces boulardii Sachets combined with early micro-feeding on feeding intolerance and intestinal flora of premature infants. Methods Eighty premature infants with feeding intolerance who were given l treatment from January 2014 to June 2018 were divided into two groups at random (n=40). All the premature infants were given early intermittent continuous micro-feeding (within 12-24 hours after birth), while those in observation group were additionally given Saccharomyces boulardii Sachets 0.125 g qd via feeding-bottle or nasal feeding for 3 weeks. The recovery, change of intestinal flora and curative effect in both groups were observed after treatment. Results The time to disappearance of vomiting and abdominal distension, time to achieving full enteral feeding and time to recovery of birth weight in observation group were much shorter than those in control group respectively (all P<0.05). After treatment, the quantities of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria in both groups obviously increased (all P<0.05), with the observation group superior to the control group (all P<0.05). The total clinical efficiency rate in observation group was much higher than that in control group (95.0% vs 80.0%, χ2=4.16, P<0.05). Conclusion Saccharomyces boulardii Sachets combined with early micro-feeding has significant curative effect on feeding intolerance of premature infants and can speed the recovery of premature infants, the mechanism of which may be closely correlated to the effect of improving the colonization of normal intestinal flora and speeding the establishment of intestinal flora.