A plastid protein crucial for Ca2+-regulated stomatal responses |
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Authors: | Weinl Stefan Held Katrin Schlücking Kathrin Steinhorst Leonie Kuhlgert Sebastian Hippler Michael Kudla Jörg |
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Institution: | Molekulare Entwicklungsbiologie der Pflanzen, Institut für Botanik und Botanischer Garten, Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 4, 48149 Münster, Germany;;Institut für Biochemie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, Hindenburgplatz 55, 48143 Münster, Germany |
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Abstract: | * Guard cell movements are regulated by environmental cues including, for example, elevations in extracellular Ca(2+) concentration. Here, the subcellular localization and physiological function of the Ca(2+)-sensing receptor (CAS) protein was investigated. * CAS protein localization was ascertained by microscopic analyses of green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion proteins and biochemical fractionation assays. Comparative guard cell movement investigations were performed in wild-type and cas loss-of-function mutant lines of Arabidopsis thaliana. Cytoplasmic Ca(2+) dynamics were addressed in plants expressing the yellow cameleon reporter protein YC3.6. * This study identified CAS as a chloroplast-localized protein that is crucial for proper stomatal regulation in response to elevations of external Ca(2+). CAS fulfils this role through modulation of the cytoplasmic Ca(2+) concentration. * This work reveals a novel role of the chloroplast in cellular Ca(2+) signal transduction. |
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Keywords: | calcium chloroplast Ca2+-sensing receptor (CAS) guard cells signal transduction stomatal movement |
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