艾叶多糖提取率影响因素分析及提取条件优化

艾叶是菊科(Compositae)植物艾(Artemisia argyi Lévl.et Vant.)的干燥叶,为常用中药材之一,药用历史悠久,具有苦燥辛散、理气血、温经脉、逐寒湿、止冷痛等功效,为重要的妇科用药,可用于治疗脘腹冷痛、经寒不调、宫冷不孕等证.此外,利用艾叶预防瘟疫已有悠久的历史.现代药理研究表明:艾叶是一种广谱抗菌抗病毒中药,对多种病毒和细菌有抑制和杀伤作用,对呼吸系统疾病以及心血管等慢性疾病有一定的防治作用[1-3].因此,将艾叶中的有效成分分别提取和纯化并加以分析以及功能检测,具有深远意义.

Analysis of influence factors on extraction rate of polysaccharide from Artemisia argyi leaves and optimization of extraction condition

Taking drying powder of Artemisia argyi Lévl.et Vant.leaves as materials,single factor experiments about ultrasonic treatment time,solid-liquid ratio(mass-volume ratio),water bath temperature and extraction time which may affect on polysaccharide extraction rate were detected.And on this basis,four factors were optimized by L9(34) orthogonal experiment design.The results show that according to influence on extraction rate of polysaccharide,the order of four factors from high to low is extraction time,solid-liquid ratio,ultrasonic treatment time,water bath temperature.The optimal extraction condition is solid-liquid ratio 1 ∶ 40,ultrasonic treatment time 20 min,water bath temperature 80 ℃,extraction time 2.0 h.Under the optimal condition,the extraction rate of polysaccharide from A.argyi leaves is the highest with a value of 12.2%.