The Hybrid Origin of Two Cultivars of Crocus (Iridaceae) Analysed by Molecular Cytogenetics including Genomic Southern and in situ Hybridization |
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| Authors: | Orgaard, M. Jacobsen, N. Heslop-Harrison, J. S. |
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| Affiliation: | Botanical Section, Department of Botany, Dendrology and Forest Genetics, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Rolighedsvej 23, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C (Copenhagen), Denmark and Karyobiology Group, John Innes Research Centre, Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UJ, UK |
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| Abstract: | The origin of the two common cultivars of Crocus, C. 'Stellaris'(2n = 2x = 10) and C. 'Golden Yellow' (2n = 3x = 14) was investigatedby fluorescent in situ hybridization using both total genomicDNA and cloned DNA sequences as probes. The clear differentiationbetween the chromosomes after genomic in situ hybridizationsupports the proposals of a hybrid origin of the cultivars andshows that they have the same parental genomes originating fromC. flavus (2n = 8) and C. angustifolius (2n = 12). C. 'Stellaris'has four chromosomes of C. flavus origin and six chromosomesof C. angustifolius origin. C. 'Golden Yellow' has eight chromosomesof C. flavus origin and six chromosomes of C. angustifoliusorigin. The number and location of 18S-5·8S-26S rRNAgenes on the chromosomes of the hybrids and of the parentalspecies agree with the results from the genomic probings. Hybridizationto Southern membranes also supports the hybrid origin of C.'Golden Yellow'.Copyright 1995, 1999 Academic Press Taxonomy, cytology, rDNA sites, in situ hybridization, Southern hybridization, Crocus |
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