Enhancing biological control by an omnivorous lacewing: Floral resources reduce aphid numbers at low aphid densities |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Bio-Protection Research Centre, P.O. Box 84, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, Canterbury, New Zealand;2. Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark;1. USDA-ARS Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wiltshire Road, Kearneysville, WV 25430, USA;2. Institute of Environmental and Physical Sciences, Shepherd University, Shepherdstown, WV 25443, USA;1. Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management (PME&BIM), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Campus De Nayer, Sint-Katelijne Waver, Belgium;2. Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt;3. VIB Lab for Systems Biology & Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics (CMPG) Lab for Genetics and Genomics, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;4. Biobest, Westerlo, Belgium;5. Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, U.K.;6. Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Population Biology, Biology Department, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;1. Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada;2. Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada;3. Department of Biology, Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada;4. Department of Natural Resource Sciences and Bieler School of Environment, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada;1. Department of Entomology, Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, 1100 N. Western Ave., Wenatchee, WA 98801, USA;2. USDA-ARS, Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory, 5230 Konnowac Pass Road, Wapato, WA 98951, USA;3. Department of Environmental Science and Policy Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3114, USA;4. Mid-Columbia Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Oregon State University, 3005 Experiment Station Drive, Hood River, OR 97031-9512, USA;1. Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Mid-Columbia Agricultural Research and Extension Center, 3005 Experiment Station Drive, Hood River, OR, 97331, USA;2. Washington State University Extension, Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, 1100 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA, 98801, USA |
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| Abstract: | The availability of plant resources to omnivorous arthropod predators may have a positive, negative or negligible effect on their population densities and predation rates, depending on the availability of prey. At high prey densities, flowering buckwheat has been shown to negatively impact populations of the brown lacewing, an omnivorous predator, due to the probable increase in parasitism rate of lacewing larvae by their primary parasitoid, Anacharis zealandica. However, little is known about the effect of buckwheat flowers on this insect community at low prey densities. We used field cages to assess the effects of nectar provision by flowering buckwheat on the population dynamics of the pea aphid, the brown lacewing and its parasitoid A. zealandica in an alfalfa field, under low aphid densities in the New Zealand summer. The insects were sampled every 2 weeks with a suction device, then counted and released on each sampling date from 15 January to 15 March 2007. Buckwheat significantly increased lacewing populations and significantly decreased aphid numbers by 70% and 39%, respectively. The buckwheat had its greatest effect at the end of summer (February/March) for both these species. It had no effect on A. zealandica abundance. |
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