Biodegradability of bacterial surfactants |
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Authors: | Tânia M S Lima Lorena C Procópio Felipe D Brandão André M X Carvalho Marcos R Tótola Arnaldo C Borges |
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Institution: | 1.Environmental Biodiversity and Biotechnology Laboratory, Microbiology Department,Federal University of Vi?osa,Vi?osa,Brazil |
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Abstract: | This work aimed at evaluating the biodegradability of different bacterial surfactants in liquid medium and in soil microcosms.
The biodegradability of biosurfactants by pure and mixed bacterial cultures was evaluated through CO2 evolution. Three bacterial strains, Acinetobacter baumanni LBBMA ES11, Acinetobacter haemolyticus LBBMA 53 and Pseudomonas sp. LBBMA 101B, used the biosurfactants produced by Bacillus sp. LBBMA 111A (mixed lipopeptide), Bacillus subtilis LBBMA 155 (lipopeptide), Flavobacterium sp. LBBMA 168 (mixture of flavolipids), Dietzia Maris LBBMA 191(glycolipid) and Arthrobacter oxydans LBBMA 201(lipopeptide) as carbon sources in minimal medium. The synthetic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was also
mineralized by these microorganisms, but at a lower rate. CO2 emitted by a mixed bacterial culture in soil microcosms with biosurfactants was higher than in the microcosm containing SDS.
Biosurfactant mineralization in soil was confirmed by the increase in surface tension of the soil aqueous extracts after incubation
with the mixed bacterial culture. It can be concluded that, in terms of biodegradability and environmental security, these
compounds are more suitable for applications in remediation technologies in comparison to synthetic surfactants. However,
more information is needed on structure of biosurfactants, their interaction with soil and contaminants and scale up and cost
for biosurfactant production. |
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