Activity,milk intake and energy consumption in free-living ringed seal (Phoca hispida) pups |
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Authors: | C Lydersen M O Hammill |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biology, Division of General Physiology, University of Oslo, Blindern, P.O. Box 1051, N-0316 Oslo, Norway;(2) Institut Maurice Lamontagne, C.P. 1000, G5H 3Z4 Mont-Joli, Quebec, Canada |
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Abstract: | Measurements of growth, activity and energy consumption and estimates of milk intake were made in free-living, nursing ringed seal (Phoca hispida) pups. This was accomplished through the simultaneous use of time-depth recorders and the doubly labelled water technique. The pups spent an average of 52±7% of their time hauled out on the ice, 37±5% of the time in the water at the surface, and 11±5% of the time diving. Average daily mass gain of the pups (n=3) throughout the duration of the study period was 0.35±0.08 kg. The composition of the mass gain was 76% fat, 6% protein and 18% water. The total water flux was measured to be 52±10 ml·kg-1·day-1. Average CO2 production was 0.85±0.16 ml·g-1·h-1, corresponding to a field metabolic rate of 0.55±0.10 MJ·kg-1·day-1, or 3.8±0.6 times the predicted basal metabolic rate based on body size (Kleiber 1975). Average daily milk intake was estimated to be 1379±390 ml. The field metabolic rate for the different components of seal pup activity budgets were calculated to be FMRhaul out=1.34 BMR, FMRsurface=6.44 BMR, and FMRdiving=5.88 BMR.Abbreviations BMR
basal metabolic rate
- FMR
field metabolic rate
- HTO
tritiated water
- HT18O
doubly labelled water
- RQ
respiration quotient
- SDA
specific dynamic action
- TDR
time-depth recorder |
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Keywords: | Growth Body composition Activity budget Energy consumption Ringed seal (Phoca hispida) pups |
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