Hirudin as a novel fusion tag for efficient production of lunasin in Escherichia coli

Fusion expression provides an effective means for the biosynthesis of longer peptides in Escherichia coli. However, the commonly used fusion tags are primarily suitable for laboratory scale applications due to the high cost of commercial affinity resins. Herein, a novel approach exploiting hirudin as a multipurpose fusion tag in combination with tobacco etch virus (TEV) protease cleavage has been developed for the efficient and cost-effective production of a 43-amino acid model peptide lunasin in E. coli at preparative scale. A fusion gene which allows for lunasin to be N-terminally fused to the C-terminus of hirudin through a flexible linker comprising a TEV protease cleavage site was designed and cloned in a secretion vector pTASH. By cultivation in a 7-L bioreactor, the fusion protein was excreted into the culture medium at a high yield of ~380?mg/L, which was conveniently recovered and purified by inexpensive HP20 hydrophobic chromatography at a recovery rate of ~80%. After polishing and cleavage with TEV protease, the finally purified lunasin was obtained with ≥95% purity and yield of ~86?mg/L culture medium. Conclusively, this hirudin tagging strategy is powerful in the production of lunasin and could be applicable for the production of other peptides at preparative scale.