坦克作业对乘员肾脏功能的影响

目的：观察坦克作业对乘员肾脏功能的影响。方法：在我军某坦克部队随机选取152名坦克乘员为观察组，在同一部队选取非坦克作业战士37名为对照组。留取24h尿和晨尿，检测尿中α1-微球蛋白（α1-MG）、β2-微球蛋白（β2-MG）、IgG、N-乙酰-β-葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）和尿微量白蛋白（UAE）排泄率。结果：与对照组比较，观察组尿α1-．MG、β2-MG、尿NAG、尿UAE均明显升高，且平均值均超过临床检验正常值，尿IgG无明显升高。其中从事坦克作业50摩托小时以上的坦克乘员尿中β2-MG、NAG、UAE均高于对照组（P〈0．05），从事坦克作业51～100摩托小时的尿中α1-MG虽有升高，但未有统计学差异且平均值在正常范围内，从事坦克作业大于301摩托小时的坦克乘员尿中α1-MG显著高于对照组。脱离坦克作业3年后乘员尿中β2-MG、NAG、UAE降低至正常水平，但大于10年者尿中β2-MG再度出现升高，与6—10年组比较有显著差异（P〈0．05）。脱离坦克作业后坦克乘员尿中α1-MG虽有下降，但始终未降至正常水平。结论：坦克作业对乘员肾脏功能有一定影响，脱离坦克作业后乘员肾功能可得到较好的恢复，但远期仍遗留一定程度的肾小管重吸收功能障碍。

Effects of tank operation on renal function of crews

Objective： To explore the effects of harmful factors in tank cabins on renal function of tank crews. Methods： One hundred and fifty two tank crews as the observation group and 37 soldiers without tank environment exposure as control group were selected in the study. α1-microglobulin（α1-MG）, β2-micwglobulin（β2-MG）, IgG, N-acetyl-β-glucosidase （NAG） and urinary albumin excretion rate （UAER） in morning and 24 h urine were measured. Results： Compared to the control group, the levels of α1-MG, β2-MG, NAG, UAER in observation group were increased significantly （ P 〈 0.05）. β2-MG, NAG, UAER of Soldiers with more than 50 motorized hours in observation group were significantly higher than those of control group （ P 〈0.05）. β2-MG, NAG and UAER of soldiers divorced from tank occupation more than 3 years decreased to the normal levels. β2-MG of soIdiers divorced from tank occupation more than 10 years was significantly higher than that of 6-10 years group. Conclusion： Tank occupational exposure influences the renal function of tank crews but not to a degee of clinical kidney disease. The renal function of crews divorced from tank occupation may recover but dysfunction of renal tubular reabsorption still exists.