A second gene at the tomato Cf-4 locus confers resistance to cladosporium fulvum through recognition of a novel avirulence determinant |
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Authors: | Takken Thomas Joosten Golstein Westerink Hille Nijkamp De Wit PJ Jones |
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Affiliation: | Department of Genetics, Institute for Molecular Biological Sciences, Biocentrum Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands,;Department of Phytopathology, Wageningen Agricultural University, Binnenhaven 9, 6709 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands,;Sainsbury Laboratory, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK, and;Department of Molecular Biology of Plants, Groningen University, Kerklaan 30, 9751 NN, Haren, The Netherlands |
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Abstract: | The tomato Cf-4 and Cf-9 genes confer resistance to the leaf mould pathogen Cladosporium fulvum and map at a complex locus on the short arm of chromosome 1. It was previously shown that the gene encoding Cf-4, which recognizes the Avr4 avirulence determinant, is one of five tandemly duplicated homologous genes (Hcr9-4s) at this locus. Cf-4 was identified by molecular analysis of rare Cf-4/Cf-9 disease-sensitive recombinants and by complementation analysis. The analysis did not exclude the possibility that an additional gene(s) located distal to Cf-4 may also confer resistance to C. fulvum. We demonstrate that a number of Dissociation-tagged Cf-4 mutants, identified on the basis of their insensitivity to Avr4, are still resistant to infection by C. fulvum race 5. Molecular analysis of 16 Cf-4 mutants, most of which have small chromosomal deletions in this region, suggested the additional resistance specificity is encoded by Hcr9-4E. Hcr9-4E recognizes a novel C. fulvum avirulence determinant that we have designated Avr4E. |
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