New Horizons in Skeletal Physiology and Pathophysiology |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Biochemistry, School of Preclinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province 637100, PR China;2. College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, PR China;3. Department of Pathology, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, PR China;4. Research Center of Combine Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, PR China;1. Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Botucatu, SP 18618-970, Brazil;2. Laboratory Biochemistry and Biophysics, Butantan Institute, 1500, Avenue Vital Brazil, São Paulo, Brazil;1. College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;2. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveTo review new discoveries that revisit our current thinking on the genesis of osteoporosis using hypogonadal and thyrotoxic bone loss as examples.MethodsWe focus on cell biologic, mouse genetic, and human studies that have established a direct action of the interior pituitary hormones follicle-stimulating hormone and thyrotropin on the skeleton and discuss emerging clinical evidence for a novel pituitary-bone axis in humans that bypasses master endocrine organs, namely the ovaries and thyroid gland.ResultsThe cataloguing of human mutations, the use of genetically modified mice that recapitulate human disease, and the rapid growth of genomic sciences have together had a profound impact on how basic research is translated into clinical practice. The skeleton has become a paradigm for the application of such advances to an extent that hitherto unrecognized physiologic and pathophysiologic findings have emerged. We propose that hypogonadal and thyrotoxic bone loss are not solely due to changes in the level of master hormones, but instead also arise from the direct action of anterior pituitary hormones on the skeleton.ConclusionsWe predict a pituitary-bone axis in which pituitary hormones bypass traditional endocrine targets to affect the skeleton directly with remarkable sensitivity. New therapeutic targets thus become a likely possibility. (Endocr Pract. 2010;16:874-881) |
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