意大利蜜蜂工蜂脂肪体胚后发育过程中细胞的增殖和凋亡

脂肪体是昆虫体内物质贮备和中间代谢的重要组织。本研究通过显微形态观察、 BrdU免疫组织化学和原位末端转移酶标记(TUNEL)细胞凋亡检测技术， 对意大利蜜蜂Apis mellifera ligustica工蜂脂肪体胚后发育过程中细胞的增殖和凋亡特点进行了比较研究。结果表明： 意大利蜜蜂工蜂脂肪体细胞数量的快速增加集中在幼虫发育前期（1-3龄）， 而细胞的凋亡则集中在蛹发育早期的2-3 d（预蛹-2日龄蛹）时间之内。在变态发育中， 工蜂幼虫脂肪体凋亡降解后重新组建形成成虫的脂肪体。本研究为昆虫脂肪体的功能研究以及昆虫组织细胞自噬和凋亡的机制研究提供一定的证据。

Proliferation and programmed cell death in the fat body in workers of the Italian honeybee (Apis mellifera ligustica) during postembryonic development

The fat body of insects is an important tissue of material reserves and intermediary metabolism. The proliferation and apoptosis pattern of the fat body in workers of the Italian honeybee, Apis mellifera ligustica, was comparatively studied by using micromorphological observation, 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation and the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) technique. The results showed that the fat body cells divided continuously in the early larval stage from the 1st instar to the 3rd instar. Extensive apoptosis in the fat body could be detected only within a narrow time window during metamorphosis in the early pupal stage from prepupa to day 2 pupa. During metamorphosis, the fat body of larva degenerated and reorganized to form the adult fat body. This study provides a theoretical basis for research on the function of fat body and the mechanisms of autophagy and apoptosis.