贵州梵净山生物圈保护区兰科植物区系特征

研究了贵州梵净山自然保护区兰科植物的区系特征。结果表明:①兰科植物种类组成丰富多样,计有兰科植物38属72种(含种下分类群),分别占贵州兰科植物属总数和种总数的50.14%和29.27%。与邻近自然保护区所含的兰科植物属、种数相比,梵净山兰科植物的属、种总数与重庆金佛山和湖北神农架相当,而仅次于四川峨眉山;与贵州的茂兰、习水相比,其属数高于茂兰和习水,种数高于习水、略低于茂兰;②兰科植物种的分布区类型有17个类型或变型,中国特有分布成分占明显优势,为30.55%;其次为热带亚洲至热带大洋州成分,占15.28%;③兰科植物生活类型多样,既有地生、附生和腐生的类型,又有半地生、半附生的类型。

The flora characteristic of Orchidaceae in Fanjing Mountain Biosphere Reserve, Guizhou, China

In this paper,the authors studied the flora characteristic of the orchids in Mt.Fanjing. The results showed:①Mt.Fanjing orchids flora is rich. There are 64 species,1 subspecies and 7 varieties of 38 genera. The number of genera and species account for 50.14% and 29.27% of the total orchid number in Guizhou orchids respectively. The orchids in Mt.Fanjing are richer than those in neighbouring regions,such as Mt.Jinfo of Southeast Chongqing,Shennongjia region of West Hubei and Xishui of North Guizhou;but less than those in Mt.Emei of Southwest Sichuan and Maolan of South Guizhou; ②The orchid floristic composition were obviously characterized by a multi-geographic composition including 17 geographic types or subtypes.Moreover,the florstic composition also exhibited the characteristics of the dominance of the Chinese endemic species which account for 30.55% of the total species of Mt.Fanjing,and the tropical type which accounted 15.28% of the total composition; ③The life forms of the orchids in Mt.Fanjing are diversify,including terrestrials,epiphytics,saprophytic.Totally,however,there are almost also half terrrestricals,and half epiphytic.