The lipocalin protein family: structural and sequence overview |
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Authors: | Flower D R North A C Sansom C E |
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Affiliation: | The Edward Jenner Institute for Vaccine Research, Newbury, Berkshire, UK. darren.flower@jenner.ac.uk |
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Abstract: | Lipocalins are remarkably diverse at the sequence level yet have highly conserved structures. Most lipocalins share three characteristic conserved sequence motifs - the kernel lipocalins - while others are more divergent family members - the outlier lipocalins - typically sharing only one or two. This classification is a useful tool for analysing the family, and within these large sets are smaller groups sharing much higher levels of sequence similarity. The lipocalins are also part of a larger protein superfamily: the calycins, which includes the fatty acid binding proteins, avidins, a group of metalloproteinase inhibitors, and triabin. The superfamily is characterised by a similar structure (a repeated +1 topology beta-barrel) and by the conservation of a remarkable structural signature. |
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