银杏种实发育过程中营养成分的动态变化研究

以银杏良种桂 G86 - 1为试材 ,对种实发育过程中种仁和种皮的维生素 C、 N、 P、 K、灰分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、蔗糖、还原糖、粗纤维、淀粉等 11种营养成分的含量和积累的变化动态进行系统研究。结果表明 ,在种仁发育过程中 ,蔗糖、粗纤维、淀粉的含量和积累均随生长发育期的变化而递增 ,呈极显著相关关系 ;还原糖、粗脂肪、 N、 P、 K、灰分等养分在幼果期含量较高 ,但随发育期的变化而降低 ,呈显著相关关系 ,除还原糖外 ,这些养分的积累逐渐增加 ,呈极显著相关关系 ,还原糖的积累在盛花后 110 d前明显增加 ,随后逐渐下降 ;维生素 C在种实发育初期含量较高 ,至盛花后 80 d达到最高 ,随后逐渐下降。在种皮发育过程中 ,除还原糖、维生素 C外 ,其它营养成分的含量和积累的变化动态规律与种仁相一致 ;维生素 C在种皮的含量和积累均逐渐上升 ,呈显著相关关系 ;还原糖的含量变化没有明显的规律 ,呈上升趋势 ,积累逐渐增加 ,呈极显著相关关系。

Study on the dynamics of nutrition components in seeds of Ginkgo biloba during maturation

The dynamics of content and accumulation of 11 nutritional components in endosperm and testa of seed of Ginkgo biloba cv. Gui G86 1 were studied. The results showed that the contents and the accumulation of sugar, crude fiber, starch and carbohydrate are increasing during the growing period of endosperm, the correlativity is in very salient proportion; the contents of reducing sugar, crude protein, crude fat, N,P,K and ash content are higher in young seeds, but getting low during the growing period, the correlativity is in salient proportion; the accumulation of these nutritional components is increasing during the growing periods except the reducing sugar, the correlativity is in very salient proportion, the accumulation of the reducing sugar is increasing after 110d in full bloom, then getting low; the content of vitamin C is higher at beginning and it is the highest after 80d in full boom, then getting low. For the testa, the content and the accumulation of vitamin C are increasing, which is salient direct proportion; the dynamics of content of reducing sugar are increasing, but no obvious regularity; the accumulation of reducing sugar is increasing, and it is in very salient direct proportion the changes of the other nutritional components as same as that of endosperm.