宁夏中部半干旱区苜蓿水分利用效率研究

为比较不同苜蓿品种的水分利用效率(WUE)并筛选出节水品种，在宁夏中部半干旱地区选择试验地，采用灌溉和品种2因素裂区试验，主裂区为灌溉量，副裂区为苜蓿品种。对3种灌溉量下10个苜蓿品种(包括5个国外引进品种和5个国内育成品种)的产量、水分利用效率以及农艺性状进行研究。结果表明，水分处理、刈割茬次、品种对苜蓿产量、水分利用效率、株高、茎叶比有显著影响。2012年第1茬各苜蓿品种产量最高，其次为2012年第2茬，2012年第3茬最低；2011年产量略高于2012年第3茬产量。在控水条件下，固原紫花和宁苜1号水分利用效率较高，而CW400和柏拉图在充分灌水条件下水分利用效率较高。在3种灌溉量下，中苜1号和宁苜1号的耗水量较低，属于节水品种，三得利和宁苜2号耗水量较高，属于耗水品种。因此，中苜1号和宁苜1号可以作为节水抗旱品种，用于宁夏中部干旱带苜蓿人工草地的建植。

The Study on Water Use Efficiency of Alfalfa in Semi-arid Area of Central Ningxia

In order to study water use efficiency (WUE) of alfalfa and screen out the water-saving varieties,split plot experiment was adopted with main split-plot being irrigation amount and alfalfa variety being second split-polt, in the semi-arid area of central Ningxia. Yield, water use efficiency and agronomic performance of different varieties were analyzed for ten varieties of alfalfa materials (including 5 foreign varieties and 5 domestic varieties) under three irrigating levels.The results showed that there are significant effects of water treatment, cutting times and variety on yield, WUE, plant height.The yield in a descending order as:the first cutting in 2012, the second cutting in 2012, cutting in 2011, and the third cutting in 2012. The water use efficiency of Guyuanzihua and Ningmu-No.1 was higher under limited irrigation condition,CW400 and Plato displayed higher water use efficiency under well-watered condition.The averaged water consumption of Zhongmu-No.1 and Ningmu-No.1 under three irrigation treatments was lower than other varities,while Sanditi and Ningmu-No.2 exhibited higher water consumption under three irrigation treatments.Therefor,as water-saving varieties,Zhongmu-No.1 and Ningmu-No.1 are suggested to be used for establishing alfalfa grassland with higher water use efficiency in the arid area of central Ningxia.