miRNA靶基因的筛选方法及其相关网络资源

微小RNA（microRNA，miRNA）是一类广泛存在于动植物中，大小约22 nt的单链非编码小分子RNA.它通过与靶mRNA 3′末端非翻译区（untranslational region, UTR）结合，使mRNA降解或翻译抑制.大量的研究结果表明，miRNA在动植物的生长发育、细胞分化、细胞增殖与凋亡、肿瘤发生等诸多环节发挥着重要的调节作用.目前，miRNA靶基因的筛选方法主要有生物信息学筛选和实验方法两大类，且在互联网上拥有大量相关的网络共享资源.本文通过对现有miRNA靶基因的筛选方法及其相关网络资源进行整理与比较分析，以有效指导并辅助miRNA领域的研究.

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microRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs of approximately 22 nt that exist in plants and animals to regulate gene expression through binding to the 3′ untranslational region (UTR) of their target mRNA for cleavage or translational repression. miRNAs are involved in various regulatory pathways for development control, cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell differentiation. They are also involved in the occurrence and development of many diseases, including a wide spectrum of cancers. In the present, the screening for miRNA target could be achieved through rational bioinformatic prediction and biological validation experiment, and the results are shared across online databases. We summarized and comparatively analyzed the popular research methods for miRNA target gene screening, to provide an effective guidance and assistance in the field of miRNA research.