Amino acid supplementation reveals differential regulation of aflatoxin biosynthesis in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aspergillus flavus</Emphasis> NRRL 3357 and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aspergillus parasiticus</Emphasis> SRRC 143 |
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| Authors: | J R Wilkinson J Yu J M Bland W C Nierman D Bhatnagar T E Cleveland |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mississippi State University, P.O. Box 9650, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA;(2) USDA/ARS, Southern Regional Research Center, 1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd., New Orleans, LA 70124, USA;(3) The Institute for Genomic Research, 9712 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA;(4) Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George Washington University School of Medicine, 2300 Eye Street NW, Washington, DC, 20037, USA |
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| Abstract: | Aflatoxins are toxic and carcinogenic secondary metabolites produced by the fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. To better understand the molecular mechanisms that regulate aflatoxin production, the biosynthesis of the toxin in A. flavus and A. parasticus grown in yeast extract sucrose media supplemented with 50 mM tryptophan (Trp) were examined. Aspergillus flavus grown in the presence of 50 mM tryptophan was found to have significantly reduced aflatoxin B1 and B2 biosynthesis, while A. parasiticus cultures had significantly increased B1 and G1 biosynthesis. Microarray analysis of RNA extracted from fungi grown under these conditions revealed 77 genes that are expressed
significantly different between A. flavus and A. parasiticus, including the aflatoxin biosynthetic genes aflD (nor-1), aflE (norA), and aflO (omtB). It is clear that the regulatory mechanisms of aflatoxin biosynthesis in response to Trp in A. flavus and A. parasiticus are different. These candidate genes may serve as regulatory factors of aflatoxin biosynthesis. |
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