Exposure to social defeat stress in adolescence improves the working memory and anxiety-like behavior of adult female rats with intrauterine growth restriction,independently of hippocampal neurogenesis |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Physiology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan;2. Department of Mental Disorder, National Center of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Tokyo, Japan;1. Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, 1b Banacha Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;2. Marie Curie Program (EC), Department of Pharmacology and Physiology of the Nervous System, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957 Warsaw, Poland;1. National ICT Australia (NICTA), RMIT University, School of Computer Science and IT, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia;2. RMIT University, School of Computer Science and IT, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia;3. School of Computer Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019-6151,\nUnited States;4. European Center for Brain Research (CERC)/Santa Lucia Foundation, Via del Fosso di Fiorano, 64 - 00143 Rome, Italy |
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Abstract: | Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a risk factor for memory impairment and emotional disturbance during growth and adulthood. However, this risk might be modulated by environmental factors during development. Here we examined whether exposing adolescent male and female rats with thromboxane A2-induced IUGR to social defeat stress (SDS) affected their working memory and anxiety-like behavior in adulthood. We also used BrdU staining to investigate hippocampal cellular proliferation and BrdU and NeuN double staining to investigate neural differentiation in female IUGR rats. In the absence of adolescent stress, IUGR female rats, but not male rats, scored significantly lower in the T-maze test of working memory and exhibited higher anxiety-like behavior in the elevated-plus maze test compared with controls. Adolescent exposure to SDS abolished these behavioral impairments in IUGR females. In the absence of adolescent stress, hippocampal cellular proliferation was significantly higher in IUGR females than in non-IUGR female controls and was not influenced by adolescent exposure to SDS. Hippocampal neural differentiation was equivalent in non-stressed control and IUGR females. Neural differentiation was significantly increased by adolescent exposure to SDS in controls but not in IUGR females. There was no significant difference in the serum corticosterone concentrations between non-stressed control and IUGR females; however, adolescent exposure to SDS significantly increased serum corticosterone concentration in control females but not in IUGR females. These results demonstrate that adolescent exposure to SDS improves behavioral impairment independent of hippocampal neurogenesis in adult rats with IUGR. |
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