A Review of the Antioxidant Mechanisms of Polyphenol Compounds Related to Iron Binding |
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Authors: | Nathan R Perron Julia L Brumaghim |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, 481 Hunter Laboratories, P.O. Box 340973, Clemson, SC 29634-0973, USA |
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Abstract: | In this review, primary attention is given to the antioxidant (and prooxidant) activity of polyphenols arising from their
interactions with iron both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, an overview of oxidative stress and the Fenton reaction is
provided, as well as a discussion of the chemistry of iron binding by catecholate, gallate, and semiquinone ligands along
with their stability constants, UV–vis spectra, stoichiometries in solution as a function of pH, rates of iron oxidation by
O2 upon polyphenol binding, and the published crystal structures for iron–polyphenol complexes. Radical scavenging mechanisms
of polyphenols unrelated to iron binding, their interactions with copper, and the prooxidant activity of iron–polyphenol complexes
are briefly discussed. |
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Keywords: | Polyphenol antioxidants Iron binding Catecholate Gallate Flavonoids Catechins Tannins Proanthocyanidins EGCG Stability constant Autooxidation DNA damage Fenton reaction Cytotoxicity Cytoprotection Alzheimer’ s Parkinson’ s Blood and plasma Preservatives Radical scavenging Reactive oxygen species |
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