Expressed Emotion,Human Agency,and Schizophrenia: Toward a New Model for the EE-Relapse Association |
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| Authors: | Nicholas J K Breitborde Steven R López Keith H Nuechterlein |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA;(2) Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA;(3) Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA |
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| Abstract: | Although there is a clear statistical association between expressed emotion (EE) and schizophrenic relapse, our understanding
of the mechanisms underlying this relationship is underdeveloped. This study tested a theoretical model in which caregivers’
perceptions of their ill relative’s agency underlie the EE-relapse association. To evaluate this model, we completed qualitative
and quantitative analyses of narratives provided by individuals caring for a relative with schizophrenia. The results indicate
that high-EE caregivers perceive the expression of symptoms as stemming from their ill relative’s agency more frequently than
low-EE caregivers. This was true for both high-EE-criticism and high-EE-emotional overinvolvement caregivers. High-EE and
low-EE caregivers did not differ in their perceptions of the role of their ill relative’s agency with regard to the control
of symptoms. The findings suggest that EE may be a proxy risk factor for caregivers’ perceptions of their ill relative’s agency.
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| Keywords: | Schizophrenia Expressed emotion Human agency Narrative |
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