Mycotoxigenic fungi contaminating wheat; toxicity of different Alternaria compacta strains |
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Authors: | R Gashgari Fuad Ameen E Al-Homaidi Y Gherbawy S Al Nadhari V Vijayan |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Jeddah University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;2. Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;3. Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Princess Nora University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;4. Department of Botany, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt;5. Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;6. JRT Research and Development, Vancouver, Canada |
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Abstract: | We studied mycotoxigenic fungi contaminating stored wheat grain, measured the toxins they secreted, and assessed their harmfulness. We focused on one common genus Alternaria, and chose 19 isolates representing A. compacta to study how different strains differed in their mycotoxin secretion and toxicity. Toxicity was assessed in a bioassay with a model bacteria Bacillus subtilis. All 19 A. compacta strains secreted toxins. Both the mycotoxin pattern and the fungal toxicity differed between the A. compacta stains. It seemed that some other toxins than alternariols or altenue acted as the main virulence factors of A. compacta against B. subtilis. We suggest that the most commonly studied mycotoxins do not necessarily indicate the toxicity of the fungi. The high variation in the amounts and toxins that different Alternaria species and strains secrete pose a challenge to the food supply chain. |
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Keywords: | Corresponding author |
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